Osteoarthritis of the hands is a common condition that can cause pain and stiffness in the fingers, making it difficult to perform everyday activities. According to Tamika Henry, M.D., M.B.A., a board-certified family physician, osteoarthritis is a form of arthritis that is related to trauma to the joints, or overuse or repetitive activity to joints, which can be described as the wear-and-tear of the joints.
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Inflammation can cause the protective cartilage to wear away over time, resulting in joints that rub together, leading to pain and stiffness in the hands. Ritu Madan, D.O., a rheumatologist, explains that osteoarthritis of the hands typically affects three parts of the hand: the base of the thumb, the small joints closest to the fingertips, and the middle joints of the finger.
Certain inherent and lifestyle factors can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the hands. Age is a significant factor, with the condition usually impacting older people, especially those over 50, according to Levi Harrison, M.D., an orthopedic surgeon. Genetics also play a role, with family history making someone more prone to developing the condition.
Sex and race are also factors, with people who are white more likely to deal with osteoarthritis of the hands compared to African Americans. Additionally, being overweight or obese increases the risk of developing the condition. Health history is also important, with individuals who have bone deformities or have suffered dislocated bones or broken fingers being more prone to developing hand arthritis.
Common complaints include pain, stiffening, limited range of motion, and swelling of the joints. Patients may experience difficulty opening jars and cans, or joint pain that is worse in the morning. Over time, osteoarthritis of the hands can cause a burning sensation or sharp pain after hours of using the fingers and hands.
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Other long-term symptoms include swelling, cracking, nodules, and cysts.
In comparison to other forms of arthritis, osteoarthritis of the hands tends to progress more slowly, allowing for more effective management of symptoms through lifestyle modifications and treatment options. However, it’s essential to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.
It’s essential to consult with a physician if experiencing swelling, redness, and warmth around the joint, or if the joint pain is severe, or if the pain has surfaced in multiple joints. Seeking medical attention immediately is necessary if joint pain is the result of a recent injury and symptoms include sudden swelling, inability to use the affected joints, and joint deformity.
Osteoarthritis sufferers may find relief in alternative treatments, such as new treatments that aim to reduce inflammation and improve joint health.
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